Carburettor operation (I)

We are now used to the massive use of injection systems in our motorcycle engines. But there are still some "rare" carburettor fueled "avis", not only that, there are many motorcycles in service today that are powered by "primitive" carburetor systems. Let's reme
mber how a carburetor works.



The mission of this component is to dose the mixture, for optimal performance, we must mix the air that enters the engine, free of charge, with the gasoline, for a fee and to avoid damaging the engine and get the most out of our Euros, we try to mix 14 , 7 parts of air for 1 of fuel, the famous stoichiometric mixture.

For this we need the carburettor, although there are different types, mainly in motorcycles we find those with direct pull and those with depression , and they share the same basic principles.

The passage of a fluid through a tube, at a constant pressure and constant speed, allows us, by modifying the diameter of that tube, to vary the pressure at one point, for example with a narrowing, this is the so-called Venturi effect. Due to this drop in pressure, at this point the gasoline can be sucked from a tank included in the carburetor, the tank and pass its liquid form to gas, emulsifying it with air. It is very important that the gasoline has changed to a gaseous state, as only then can it mix uniformly with the air and this will allow good combustion.



As can be seen in the image, the lower part of the carburetor is filled with fuel from the tank, it is the so-called tank. To control the level of this small tank, it has a float, float and a needle or pencil valve, which closes the fuel flow to the tank when it is full.

In the upper part is the bell, which is the element that we operate in a direct-draft carburetor, lifting it when operating the throttle. This has a built-in needle, which will allow more fuel to pass from the tank to the diffuser, which is where the air mixes with the gasoline. Also by raising the hood, more air is allowed through the carburetor, so everything will be compensated, more air and more gasoline.

When closing the gas fist, the hood lowers, due to the effect of a spring, thus reducing the passage of air and also that of gasoline, maintaining the correct mixture.

We already know how a direct draft carburetor works!

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